Diuretic Abuse for Weight Loss


Sometimes those with eating disorders will use diuretics in an attempt to control their weight. Though this may produce lower numbers on the scale it does not reflect a loss of body fat but a loss of water. This is a dangerous practice as water is essential to health. Dehydration can cause damage to your body and ultimately result in death.


Water does many things for us including:
  • aiding digestion
  • maintaining body temperature
  • removing toxins
  • transportation of nutrients

The body must be properly hydrated in order to function properly. The adult body consists of 60-70% water. The human brain consists of approximately 85% water. Blood is approximately 90% water. When you are thirsty you are already dehydrated. When this happens your body pulls water from it's organs and tissues.


Dehydration can acerbate conditions such as:
  • asthma
  • allergies
  • migraines
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • angina
  • constipation
  • colitis
  • body aches and pains
  • eczema/dry skin
  • etc
Complications of Dehydration include:
  • Kidney Damage
  • Cardiac Arrhythmias
  • Heart Palpitations
  • Salt Imbalance
  • Electrolyte Imbalance
  • Fluid Retention
  • Potassium Deficiency
  • Dizziness
  • Dry Eyes
  • Constipation
  • Hypotension
  • Death
More information on what dehydration can cause can be found here.

Every day you lose water naturally simply by breathing, urinating, sweating, and bowel movements. It is important that you replenish your body with the water it needs in order to keep you healthy. The most commonly recommended amount is 8 - 8 oz glasses of water a day but the formula changes depending on climate, age, activity, illness or health conditions, pregnancy or breastfeeding, and so on.


The following are approximate water needs for an average, healthy adult living in temperate climate according to the Mayo Clinic:

  • Replacement approach. The average urine output for adults is about 1.5 liters (6.3 cups) a day. You lose close to an additional liter of water a day through breathing, sweating and bowel movements. Food usually accounts for 20 percent of your total fluid intake, so if you consume 2 liters of water or other beverages a day (a little more than 8 cups) along with your normal diet, you will typically replace the lost fluids.
  • Eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day. Another approach to water intake is the "8 x 8 rule" — drink eight 8-ounce glasses of water a day (about 1.9 liters). The rule could also be stated, "drink eight 8-ounce glasses of fluid a day," as all fluids count toward the daily total. Though the approach isn't supported by scientific evidence, many people use this basic rule as a guideline for how much water and other fluids to drink.
  • Dietary recommendations. The Institute of Medicine advises that men consume roughly 3 liters (about 13 cups) of total beverages a day and women consume 2.2 liters (about 9 cups) of total beverages a day.

"Even apart from the above approaches, if you drink enough fluid so that you rarely feel thirsty and produce 1.5 liters (6.3 cups) or more of colorless or slightly yellow urine a day, your fluid intake is probably adequate."


If you are suffering with an eating disorder please reach out, seek help.
Eating Disorder Help: Hotlines, Organizations and Websites




sources: http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/result.asp?glngUserChoice=3520&bytRel=2&blnBW=False&strBB=LR&blnClassSort=True
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/water/NU00283
picture: http://www.freedigitalphotos.net/details.php?gid=140&sgid=&pid=1496

Seeking A Diagnosis For Eating Disorders


Eating Disorders
are among the most common psychiatric problems affecting women but diagnosis can still be elusive. More than half go undiagnosed. When seeking a diagnosis of /recovery from an eating disorder the first and most important step that should be taken is to see a physician for a complete assessment. You must be honest with the doctor and disclose all. There are tests that need to be done to assess your physical condition. This should be followed by a mental health assessment done preferably by an eating disorder specialist. Many who suffer from eating disorders may discover comorbid conditions such as depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), personality disorders, and anxiety disorder.

Medical tests should be done to:
  • determine if there is another cause for the symptoms
  • assess what physical impact the disease has had
  • determine if there is need for immediate medical intervention

The tests recommended by NEDA (National Eating Disorder Association) are as follows:

Recommended Laboratory Tests

Standard

  • Complete Blood Count (CBC) with differential
  • Urinalysis
  • Complete Metabolic Profile: Sodium, Chloride, Potassium, Glucose, Blood Urea Nitrogen, Creatinine, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, Calcium, Carbon Dioxide, AST, Alkaline Phosphates, Total Bilirubin
  • Serum magnesium
  • Thyroid Screen (T3, T4, TSH)
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Special Circumstances


15% or more below ideal body weight (IBW)

  • Chest X-Ray
  • Complement 3 (C3)
  • 24 Creatinine Clearance
  • Uric Acid

20% or more below IBW or any neurological sign

  • Brain Scan

20% or more below IBW or sign of mitral valve prolapse

  • Echocardiogram

30% or more below IBW

  • Skin Testing for Immune Functioning

Weight loss 15% or more below IBW lasting 6 months or longer at any time during course of eating disorder

  • Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) to assess bone mineral density
  • Estadiol Level (or testosterone in males)

Criteria for Level of Care

Inpatient


Medically Unstable

  • Unstable or depressed vital signs
  • Laboratory findings presenting acute risk
  • Complications due to coexisting medical problems such as diabetes
Psychiatrically Unstable
  • Symptoms worsening at rapid rate
  • Suicidal and unable to contract for safety

Residential

  • Medically stable so does not require intensive medical interventions
  • Psychiatrically impaired and unable to respond to partial hospital or outpatient treatment

Partial Hospital


Medically stable

  • Eating disorder may impair functioning but not causing immediate acute risk
  • Needs daily assessment of physiological and mental status
Psychiatrically stable
  • Unable to function in normal social, educational, or vocational situations
  • Daily bingeing, purging, severely restricted intake, or other pathogenic weight control techniques


Intensive Outpatient/Outpatient


Medically stable

  • No longer needs daily medical monitoring

Psychiatrically stable

  • Symptoms in sufficient control to be able to function in normal social, educational, or vocational situations and continue to make progress in recovery.

Please visit NEDA for more information.

*Diagnostic criteria for eating disorders such as described in DSM-IV may not be entirely applicable to adolescents. The wide variability in the rate, timing and magnitude of both height and weight gain during normal puberty; the absence of menstrual periods in early puberty along with the unpredictability of menses soon after menarche; and the lack of psychological awareness regarding abstract concepts (such as self-concept, motivation to lose weight or affective states) owing to normative cognitive development limit the application of those formal diagnostic criteria to adolescents. In addition, clinical features such as pubertal delay, growth retardation or the impairment of bone mineral acquisition may occur at subclinical levels of eating disorders. The use of strict criteria may preclude the recognition of eating disorders in their early stages and sub-clinical form (a prerequisite for primary or secondary prevention), and may exclude some adolescents with significantly abnormal eating attitudes and behaviours, such as those who vomit or take laxatives regularly but do not binge. Finally, abnormal eating habits may result in significant impairment in health, even in the absence of fulfillment of formal criteria for an eating disorder. For all of these reasons, it is essential to diagnose eating disorders in adolescents in the context of the multiple and varied aspects of normal pubertal growth, adolescent development and the eventual attainment of a healthy adulthood rather than by merely applying formalized criteria.

Position: In clinical practice, the diagnosis of an eating disorder should be considered in an adolescent patient who engages in potentially unhealthy weight control practices and/or demonstrates obsessive thinking about food, weight, shape or exercise and not only in one who meets established diagnostic criteria. In such adolescents, an eating disorder should be considered if the teenager fails to attain or maintain a healthy weight, height, body composition or stage of sexual maturation for sex and age.

Read in full here.


See also: Eating Disorder Self-Assessment Tests and Quizzes: Do I Have an Eating Disorder?


Sources:National Eating Disorders.Org
http://www.cps.ca/ENGLISH/statements/AM/am96-04.htm
picture: http://www.everystockphoto.com